RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Orthodontic tooth movement is mediated by the inflammation process. Inflammation induces pain and increases the level of cortisol hormone as it triggers stress. The aim of this research was to observe the effects of vitamin E (VE) supplementation in reducing stress levels from orthodontic force in Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). METHODS: Wistar rats (n = 56) were divided into two groups: group 1 as the control group, and group 2 as the experimental group (VE group). VE supplemented for 14 days prior application of the separator as an orthodontic force. Each group was divided into four subgroups (n = 7), corresponding to the duration in days that force was applied, i.e., 0, 1, 3, and 7 days. Stress were measured by cortisol levels, and inflammation were measured by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1ß) levels in blood plasma. RESULTS: The VE group had lower cortisol levels than the control group, and significant found on days 3 and 7 (p = 0.026 and p = 0.037). The cortisol level in the VE group decreased faster, beginning on day 1, whilst the control group occurred on day 3. Statistical analysis of IL-1ß levels found insignificant differences between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Vitamin E helps reduce stress caused by orthodontic force due to tooth movement.
RESUMO
Background: Tooth movement induced by the application of orthodontic force was initiated by inflammatory process. Studies have shown that vitamin E has an anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties which perhaps could inhibit the tooth to move. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin E supplementation on orthodontic tooth movement in Wistar rats. Methods: Wistar rats (n=56) were divided into two groups. Group 1 served as the control groups, while group 2 was given vitamin E for 14 days before application of orthodontic force. Each group was divided into four subgroups (n=7), corresponding to the number of days orthodontic force lasted, i.e. 0, 1, 3, 7 days. At each of these four time points, distance measurements and quantity of osteoblasts-osteoclasts were measured in each rat. Results: Tooth movement distance was increased for group 2 than group 1 for all time intervals, but this difference was only statistically different on day 3 ( p=0.001). For both groups, tooth movement was significantly different between each time interval in each group ( p=0.041). The mean number of osteoblast cells was increased for group 2 compared to group 1 for all time intervals (p<0.05), but was not significant different between time intervals ( p=0.897). The number of osteoclasts was not significantly different between groups, but it was statistically different between time intervals (p=0.004). Conclusion: The outcome of this study demonstrated that group 2 resulted a better tooth movement compared to group 1 and significantly found on day 3, based on the distance measurement. The osteoclast cell numbers were the same within both control groups, whilst the number of osteoblast cells in group 2 was significantly higher than those in group 1.
